Red Devil Cichid (Amphilophus citrinellus (syn. Cichlasoma citrinellum)) — 5-6cm

Overview

The red devil cichlid (Amphilophus citrinellus, formerly Cichlasoma citrinellum) is a bold, brilliantly colored Central American cichlid from Lake Nicaragua, Lake Managua, and the San Juan River system. This impressive species is highly sought after in the freshwater fish for sale UK market, prized for its vivid orange or red coloration, striking personality, and serious territorial attitude. With an adult size of approximately 30 cm, this species requires a very large aquarium (minimum 500 litres) and experienced aquarists prepared to manage its aggressive temperament. The red devil is not suitable for community setups or novice keepers, but for those prepared to provide the space and care it demands, this fish offers an unmatched combination of beauty, intelligence, and captivating behavior.

Appearance

Amphilophus citrinellus displays brilliant coloration ranging from bright orange to deep red, with some individuals showing yellow or white morphs. The body is robust and powerful, with a laterally compressed shape. Males develop a prominent nuchal hump (forehead bump) that can become quite large in mature specimens, along with elongated finnage. The eyes are large and intelligent, often showing an orange or red rim. Breeding individuals intensify their coloration dramatically, becoming even more vivid. The overall appearance is bold and commanding, making this species an unmissable centerpiece in any large predator aquarium.

Natural Habitat

Endemic to Central America, Amphilophus citrinellus is found in Lake Nicaragua, Lake Managua, the San Juan River, and adjacent watersheds in Nicaragua and Costa Rica. These habitats consist of lakes and rivers with rocky or sandy substrates, submerged structures, and ample cover. The water is typically warm, neutral to alkaline, and moderately hard. The species is adaptable and can tolerate a range of conditions, but prefers well-oxygenated, clean water with stable parameters.

Aquarium Setup

This is a large, powerful, highly territorial cichlid that needs excellent filtration, strong oxygenation, and frequent water changes. A minimum tank size of 500 litres is required to accommodate the adult size and territorial requirements. Use a sand or gravel substrate with heavy décor, rocks, and sturdy hiding places—anything not secured will be rearranged. Powerful filtration is mandatory, as large cichlids produce enormous amounts of waste. Regular large water changes (40-50% weekly) are essential. Expect the red devil to claim the entire aquarium as its territory and defend it vigorously.

Feeding

As an omnivore, Amphilophus citrinellus requires a varied diet. Offer quality cichlid pellets as the staple, supplemented with earthworms, shrimp, mussels, insects, and occasional vegetable matter. Avoid overfeeding and limit fatty feeder fish, which provide poor nutrition. Feed large portions once daily or every other day, ensuring all food is consumed. A varied, balanced diet supports optimal health, coloration, and reduces aggression.

Behaviour and Temperament

Amphilophus citrinellus is highly aggressive and territorial. Males are especially aggressive toward conspecifics and other large cichlids. Pairs form readily and may spawn on flat rocks or cleaned surfaces. Parents are highly protective and often become extremely aggressive during breeding—tankmate removal is usually necessary. This species has powerful jaws and will attack anything it perceives as a threat. Despite their aggressive nature, red devils are intelligent and interactive, often forming bonds with their keepers.

Tank Mates

Very limited options: large, robust Central American cichlids of similar size and temperament, very large armored catfish, and other tough fish kept only in exceptionally large tanks (800+ litres) with careful monitoring. Avoid small fish, peaceful community fish, shrimp and other invertebrates, slow-moving or long-finned fish, and fish that can be bullied or eaten. In practice, a species-only setup or a single breeding pair is often the safest approach.

Breeding

Pairs form readily and spawn on flat rocks or cleaned surfaces. Both parents guard the eggs and fry with extreme aggression. Eggs hatch in approximately three days, and fry become free-swimming several days later. Parents will guard the fry for several weeks, becoming increasingly aggressive toward any perceived threats. Fry are large and grow rapidly. Breeding this species requires a dedicated breeding tank, as parental aggression is extreme and dangerous to tankmates.

Why Buy from Tropical Fish Co

Tropical Fish Co is the UK's source for impressive Central American predator cichlids, including the magnificent red devil cichlid. We provide detailed guidance on the substantial care requirements, tank size, and long-term commitment needed for this species. Every fish is carefully quarantined and health-checked. Our expert team ensures you understand both the challenges and rewards of keeping large, aggressive cichlids. With nationwide UK delivery, a live arrival guarantee, and ongoing support, we help serious fishkeepers succeed. Order today—but only if you're truly prepared for the commitment this remarkable fish demands.